FAQ




			Here are some of the most common questions asked... •What is Reverse Osmosis? Reverse osmosis (RO) or hyper-filtration is a separation process that employs pressure to force a solution through a membrane that retains the solute on one side and allows the pure solvent (also known as the permeate) to pass to the other side..... read more •Why use reverse osmosis purified water? Reverse osmosis has become the water purification method of choice for drinking water in many households and bottling plants throughout the world. No wonder, as reverse osmosis has become the best and most efficient method to purify polluted and undesirable water into pure and tasty water.... read more •What is deionization? Deionization is the process whereby all anions and cations are removed by a process called ion exchange, employing mixed bed resin. Mixed bed resin comprises two different resins, a cation resin and an anion resin..... read more •What is Ultra Violet Light? Ultraviolet light is part of the electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths shorter than that of visible light in the range of 400 – 10 nanometres. As an ionizing radiation it can cause chemical reactions and many substances to glow or fluoresce..... read more •What is Ultraviolet Light Sterilization? Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) is an effective viricide and bactericide. In 1903 Niels Finsen was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine for his work in using UV to fight tuberculosis..... read more •Hoes Does Ultraviolet Sterilization Work? Ultraviolet sterilization utilises UVC at 240 – 260 nanometres (optimum 253.7 nm also known as germicidal UV) to penetrate through the cell membrane and destroy the nucleic acids in these organisms so that their DNA is disrupted...... read more •What is ozone? Ozone is one of the strongest oxidation agents used for sterilization. The half-life of ozone is 30 minutes, which means it decays back to oxygen within 30 minutes:..... read more •How does ozone work? The third oxygen atom makes ozone extremely reactive. This atom readily oxidizes contaminants such as odours, moulds, protozoa, bacteria and viruses. Ozone works according to the principle of oxidation..... read more •What is Activated Carbon? Activated carbon is manufactured from carbonaceous materials like coal, peat, wood, or nutshells (i.e. coconut)...... read more •What is Cholera? The cholera bacterium was identified in 1883 by the well known German bacteriologist Robert Koch. Cholera is a waterborne disease caused by the gram negative bacteria Vibrio cholerae which is ingested by drinking contaminated water..... read more •What are the symptoms of cholera? Vibrio cholerae is a human pathogen en sensitive to the low pH of the stomach. When people do get infected the diarrhoea is profuse, painless and watery and has a fishy odour. Other symptoms include nausea and vomiting, muscle cramps, dehydration and shock..... read more •How can cholera be prevented? One of the most effective means to get rid of bacteria and viruses is to use a reverse osmosis membrane. Reverse osmosis or crossflow membrane technology is the most advanced technology in water purification..... read more •What is E.coli? It is a flagellated gram negative bacillus found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded animals and birds. A motile E. coli propels itself from place to place by rotating its flagella counter-clockwise. Most E. coli strands are harmless and form part of the normal flora of the gut, but serotype O157:H7 can cause serious food poisoning in humans. read more •What are the symptons of E.coli? Symptoms appear after about 7 days after ingestion. It starts with sudden severe abdominal cramps, followed by watery diarrhoea. The loss of body electrolytes lead to severe dehydration. The infection causes sores in the intestine and the stool becomes bloody..... read more •How can E.coli be prevented? One of the most effective means to get rid of bacteria and viruses is to use a reverse osmosis membrane. Reverse osmosis or crossflow membrane technology is the most advanced technology in water purification..... read more •What is cryptosporidium? Cryptosporidium, genus of protozoans comprise at least four species. Protozoa (Greek proto = first and zoa = animals) are unicellular organisms. They are waterborne parasites that cause a diarrhoeal illness called cryptosporidiosis..... read more •How do we prevent cryptosporidiosis? The most effective way of protecting yourself and your family against any waterborne pathogens is to install a reverse osmosis water purifier which will effectively remove all oocysts, cysts, bacteria and viruses from drinking water..... read more •What is Giardia? Giardia lamblia are pear shaped flagellated protozoans that colonize and reproduce in the small intestine. Protozoa (Greek proto = first and zoa = animals) are unicellular organisms. They are waterborne parasites that cause the diarrhoeal illness called giardiasis..... read more •How do we prevent giardiasis? The most effective way of protecting yourself and your family against any waterborne pathogens is to install a reverse osmosis water purifier which will effectively remove all oocysts, cysts, bacteria and viruses from drinking water..... read more •What is Chlorine? Chlorine is a strong oxidant and is used in bleaching. It is inexpensive and a very effective water disinfectant. Chlorine gas with formula Cl₂ combines readily with other elements. At a temperature of 10^oC one litre of water can dissolve 3,1 litres of gaseous chlorine..... read more •What does other experts say about chlorine? Dr. Robert Carlson, a highly respected University of Minnesota researcher whose work is sponsored by the Federal Environmental Protection Agency, sums it up by claiming, the chlorine problem is similar to that of air pollution, and adds that chlorine is the greatest crippler and killer of modern times!..... read more •What are endocrine disruptors? Endocrine disruptor chemicals – EDCs (sometimes referred to as gender benders ) are chemicals which mimic oestrogen or other important hormones in humans and in wildlife. They can cause endocrine disruptive effects at exposure levels of up to a million times lower than carcinogen exposure levels of concern..... read more •Effects of endocrine disruptors? There is ample evidence from research conducted during the past decade that some chemicals have potent effects on wildlife at concentrations far below parts per billion. For example, estradiol, the female sex hormone (and a common water pollutant), can alter the sex characteristics of certain fish at concentrations of 20 parts per trillion..... read more •What are minerals? Minerals play an important role in the wellbeing of man and animals. Our bodies need calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, iron, zinc, daily, just to mention a few. But, we also need to know that this mineral intake should not exceed the RDA (Recommended Daily Allowance), otherwise these essential minerals become toxic..... read more •What are toxic minerals? At the World Congress on Environmental Health held in Durban in February 2004, Professor Jerome Nriago of the University of Michigan stated that Africa is being swamped by a growing tide of toxic metal pollution..... read more •What are heavy metals? Heavy metals are defined as those elements with a high (>5,0) relative density. These metals can either chronically or acutely poison the body. They may enter the body either by ingestion or inhalation.... read more Also see the following regarding heavy metals •What is Aluminium? •What is Arsenic? •What is lead? •What is cadmium? •What is chromium? •What is mercury? •What is nickel?